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| 茄腐镰刀菌干预对当归不同部位微生物群落的影响 |
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张佳宁1,2, 杨林桦1,2, 丁琦1,2, 杜晓雪1,2, 谢田朋1,2*, 黄钰芳1,2
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1. 甘肃中医药大学药学院,兰州 73000；2. 陇药产业创新研究院,兰州 73000
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| 摘要: |
| 探索茄腐镰刀菌干预下当归不同部位微生物变化，以期揭示当归应对土传病害的微生物组响应机制，并初步筛选潜在跨部位核心抗病菌群。该研究以当归为研究对象，通过外源添加茄腐镰刀菌进行病株模型建立，利用高通量测序技术，分析当归叶表、叶内、根表、根内、根际土壤及非根际土壤6个不同部位的细菌和真菌群落结构变化。结果表明：（1）当归不同部位微生物群落具有显著的空间特异性，其多样性与均匀度自下而上呈梯度下降趋势。（2）在茄腐镰刀菌的干预下，根际土壤与根表的细菌群落丰富度、根际土壤与叶内的真菌群落丰富度显著降低，地下部位细菌与真菌群落结构趋于简化，而叶际细菌属数量出现异常升高，真菌群落的变化模式则不完全一致。（3）对健康与患病当归不同部位的差异菌属与镰刀菌属进行 Spearman 相关性分析表明，假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium）、鞘脂菌属（Sphingobium）和德沃斯氏菌属（Devosia）等细菌在多个部位与病原菌呈显著正相关，提示其可能在宿主响应病害过程中被协同富集。（4）表型预测与功能预测表明，患病植株在致病菌增加的同时，耐逆菌、含有可移动遗传元件、病理-腐生-共生型真菌等有益菌属也在同步富集。综上表明，当归不同部位微生物群落形成天然自下而上递减的空间特异性，但病原菌会导致其微生物群落向地下部简化、地上部复杂的方向演变，触发地上-地下的菌群迁移或系统性响应。当归抵抗茄腐镰刀菌侵染时主要依赖细菌介导的微生态调控策略，是否为宿主主动招募的有益菌，尚需通过接种实验进一步验证。 |
| 关键词: 当归，根腐病，茄腐镰刀菌，细菌，真菌，多部位微生物组 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202508020 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（82160714、82560755）；甘肃省青年人才项目（2024QNTD36）；甘肃省自然科学基金项目（23JRRA1711）；甘肃省产业支撑计划项目（2021CYZC-13）；甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目（2025A-101）；甘肃省中药质量与标准研究重点实验室开放基金项目（ZYZL-2024-04）。 |
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| Effects of Fusarium solani inoculation on microbial community assembly in different compartments of Angelica sinensis |
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ZHANG Jianing1,2, YANG Linhua1,2, DING Qi1,2, DU Xiaoxue1,2, XIE Tianpeng1,2*, HUANG Yufang1,2
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1. School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. Longyao Industry Innovation Research Institute, Lanzhou 730000, China
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| Abstract: |
| Exploring microbial changes in different niches of Angelica sinensis under the intervention of Fusarium solani to reveal the microbiome response mechanisms of A.sinensis against soil-borne diseases and preliminarily screen potential core cross-niche antagonistic microbiota. In this study, A.sinensis was used as the research object. A diseased plant model was established by exogenous inoculation with F.solani. High-throughput sequencing technology was employed to analyze the structural changes in bacterial and fungal communities across six distinct niches:phylloplane, endophyllosphere, rhizoplane, root endosphere, rhizosphere soil, and non-rhizosphere soil. The results were as follows: (1) The microbial communities in different niches of A.sinensis exhibited significant spatial specificity, with a gradient decline in diversity and evenness from belowground to aboveground compartments. (2) Under the intervention of F.solani, bacterial species richness in the rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane, as well as fungal species richness in the rhizosphere soil and endophyllosphere, significantly decreased. The bacterial and fungal community structures in belowground niches tended to simplify, while the number of bacterial genera in the phyllosphere increased abnormally; the pattern of change in fungal communities was not entirely consistent. (3) Spearman correlation analysis between differential genera across different niches of healthy and diseased A.sinensis and the genus Fusarium revealed that bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium, Sphingobium, and Devosia showed significant positive correlations with the pathogen across multiple niches, suggesting their potential co-enrichment in the host’s response to disease. (4) Phenotypic prediction and functional prediction indicated that while pathogenic fungi increased in diseased plants, beneficial genera such as stress-tolerant bacteria, mobile genetic elements, and pathotroph-saprotroph-symbiotroph type fungi were simultaneously enriched. In summary, the microbial communities in different niches of A.sinensis exhibit a natural spatial specificity characterized by a bottom-up decreasing gradient. However, pathogen invasion drives a directional shift toward simplification of belowground communities and increased complexity of aboveground communities, triggering an aboveground-belowground microbial migration or systemic response. The resistance of A.sinensis to F.solani infection primarily relies on bacterial-mediated microecological regulation strategies. Whether these bacteria represent beneficial taxa actively recruited by the host requires further validation through inoculation experiments. |
| Key words: Angelica sinensis, root rot, Fusarium solani, bacteria, fungi, multi-compartment microbiome |
