广西喀斯特地区五个桑树品种叶功能性状及其抗旱性评价

覃兰丽<sup>1</sup>; 陈观榕<sup>1</sup>; 李燕婷<sup>1</sup>; 谢彦军<sup>1</sup>; 李晓东<sup>1</sup>; 黄康东<sup>2</sup>; 文柳璎<sup>3</sup>; 史沉鱼<sup>1*</sup>

引用本文:	覃兰丽, 陈观榕, 李燕婷, 谢彦军, 李晓东, 黄康东, 文柳璎, 史沉鱼.广西喀斯特地区五个桑树品种叶功能性状及其抗旱性评价[J].广西植物,2025,45(6):1060-1070.[点击复制]
	QIN Lanli, CHEN Guanrong, LI Yanting, XIE Yanjun, LI Xiaodong, HUANG Kangdong, WEN Liuying, SHI Chenyu.Functional traits and drought resistance evaluation of leaves from five mulberry varieties in the Guangxi karst region[J].Guihaia,2025,45(6):1060-1070.[点击复制]

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广西喀斯特地区五个桑树品种叶功能性状及其抗旱性评价
覃兰丽¹, 陈观榕¹, 李燕婷¹, 谢彦军¹, 李晓东¹, 黄康东², 文柳璎³, 史沉鱼^1*
1. 河池学院化学与生物工程学院, 广西蚕桑生态学与智能化技术应用重点实验室, 广西现代蚕桑丝绸协同创新中心, 微生物及植物资源开发利用广西高校重点实验室, 广西河池 546300;2. 河池市蚕业技术推广站, 河池市蚕种场, 广西河池 546300;3. 百色市蚕业发展中心, 广西百色 533000

摘要:

为筛选出适合广西喀斯特地区种植的抗旱性强的桑树品种,该研究以环江地区‘桂桑5号'‘桂桑6号'‘桂桑优12'‘农桑14号'和‘育711号'5个桑树品种作为试验材料,通过测定叶绿素、渗透调节物质、花青素、丙二醛、抗氧化酶活性及导管直径、导管加固系数、叶片厚度、上下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、气孔大小、气孔密度等24个叶功能性状指标,利用主成分分析、隶属函数分析和聚类分析,筛选出与抗旱性相关的叶功能性状指标及抗旱性较强的品种。结果表明:(1)主成分分析表明,与抗旱性相关的主要叶功能性状指标为叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶活性、气孔大小、气孔密度、导管加固系数和海绵组织厚度。(2)根据隶属函数分析,5个桑树品种的抗旱性排名为‘农桑14号'>‘桂桑优12'>‘桂桑5号'>‘桂桑6号'>‘育711号'; 进一步的聚类分析结果表明,‘农桑14号'‘桂桑优12'和‘桂桑5号'成为一类,‘桂桑6号'和‘育711号'组成另一类; 两种分析结果相一致。(3)‘农桑14号'‘桂桑优12'和‘桂桑5号'表现出更好的抗旱性,与它们具有更为高效的生理调节机制和优化的解剖结构有关。该研究结果为广西喀斯特地区桑树抗旱品种的筛选提供了科学依据和理论参考。

关键词: 喀斯特地区, 桑树, 叶功能性状, 隶属函数, 聚类分析, 抗旱性

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202407044

分类号:Q945

文章编号:1000-3142(2025)06-1060-11

基金项目:广西自然科学基金(2024GXNSFAA010145); 河池学院科研项目(2021GCC023,2023XJYB011); 广西现代蚕桑丝绸协同创新中心基金资助(2024GXCSSC07); 河池市中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(河科ZY230301); 2023年度广西蚕桑生态学与智能化技术应用重点实验室运行补助项目(23-026-08)。

Functional traits and drought resistance evaluation of leaves from five mulberry varieties in the Guangxi karst region

QIN Lanli¹, CHEN Guanrong¹, LI Yanting¹, XIE Yanjun¹, LI Xiaodong¹, HUANG Kangdong², WEN Liuying³, SHI Chenyu^1*

1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Applied Intelligent Technology, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, Guangxi, China;2. Hechi Sericulture Technology Extension Station, Hechi Silkworm Egg Production Center, Hechi 546300, Guangxi, China;3. Baise Sericulture Development Center, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Applied Intelligent Technology, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, Guangxi, China; 2. Hechi Sericulture Technology Extension Station, Hechi Silkworm Egg Production Center, Hechi 546300, Guangxi, China; 3. Baise Sericulture Development Center, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China

Abstract:

In order to select Morus alba(mulberry)varieties with high drought resistance suitable for planting in the karst areas of Guangxi, this study investigated five mulberry varieties from Huanjiang region, namely ‘Guisang 5', ‘Guisang 6', ‘Guisangyou 12', ‘Nongsang 14', and ‘Yu 711'. A total of 24 leaf functional traits were measured, including chlorophyll, osmotic regulatory substances, anthocyanidin, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as anatomical traits such as conduit diameter, conduit wall reinforcement, leaf thickness, upper and lower epidermis thickness, palisade mesophyll thickness, spongy mesophyll thickness, stomatal size, and stomatal density, etc. These traits were evaluated through principal component analysis, membership function analysis, and cluster analysis to identify leaf functional traits associated with drought resistance and to select the varieties with stronger drought resistance. The results were as follows:(1)Principal component analysis revealed that the key leaf functional traits associated with drought resistance in the five mulberry varieties were chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase activity, stomatal size, stomatal density, conduit wall reinforcement, and spongy tissue thickness. These traits were found to have significant correlations with the drought resistance of the varieties.(2)The membership function analysis ranked the drought resistance of the five varieties as follows: ‘Nongsang 14'>‘Guisangyou 12'>‘Guisang 5'>‘Guisang 6'>‘Yu 711'. This ranking was confirmed by the subsequent cluster analysis, which grouped ‘Nongsang 14', ‘Guisangyou 12', and ‘Guisang 5' together, while ‘Guisang 6' and ‘Yu 711' were placed in a separate group. The cluster analysis results were consistent with the membership function analysis.(3)‘Nongsang 14', ‘Guisangyou 12', and ‘Guisang 5' exhibited better drought resistance, which was attributed to their more efficient physiological regulation mechanisms and optimal anatomical features. The findings of this study provide a solid scientific foundation and valuable theoretical insights for the selection of drought-resistant mulberry varieties in the karst regions of Guangxi.

Key words: karst areas, Morus alba(mulberry), leaf functional traits, membership function, clustering analysis, drought resistance