头花杜鹃、陇蜀杜鹃及杜鹃属植物叶绿体基因组比较分析

贾守宁<sup>1</sup>; 张颖敏<sup>2</sup>; 赵国福<sup>1</sup>; 陈文娟<sup>1</sup>; 李国栋<sup>3; 4*</sup>

引用本文:	贾守宁, 张颖敏, 赵国福, 陈文娟, 李国栋.头花杜鹃、陇蜀杜鹃及杜鹃属植物叶绿体基因组比较分析[J].广西植物,2023,43(10):1907-1920.[点击复制]
	JIA Shouning, ZHANG Yingmin, ZHAO Guofu, CHEN Wenjuan, LI Guodong.Comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomes of Rhododendron capitatum, R. przewalskii, and Rhododendron species[J].Guihaia,2023,43(10):1907-1920.[点击复制]

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头花杜鹃、陇蜀杜鹃及杜鹃属植物叶绿体基因组比较分析
贾守宁¹, 张颖敏², 赵国福¹, 陈文娟¹, 李国栋^3,4*
1. 青海省中医院, 西宁 810000;2. 云南中医药大学第一临床医学院, 昆明 650500;3. 云南中医药大学中药学院, 昆明 650500;4. 云南中医药大学云南省傣医药与彝医药重点实验室, 昆明 650500

摘要:

头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)和陇蜀杜鹃(R. przewalskii)是极具观赏价值的野生花卉和药用植物。为探讨头花杜鹃和陇蜀杜鹃叶绿体基因组的遗传结构及进化特征,该研究利用 Illumina HiSeq 4000 平台对头花杜鹃和陇蜀杜鹃的叶绿体全基因组进行测序,经组装和注释后,结合 7 个已发表的杜鹃属植物叶绿体全基因组进行比较基因组学分析和系统发育分析。结果表明:(1)头花杜鹃和陇蜀杜鹃叶绿体全基因组呈典型的环状四分体结构,均由一个大单拷贝区(105 990、109 191 bp)、一个小单拷贝区(2 617、2 606 bp)和一对反向重复区(45 825、47 516 bp)构成,全长分别为200 257、206 829 bp。(2)头花杜鹃和陇蜀杜鹃叶绿体基因组中共鉴定出 263 个SSR位点,大部分 SSR 偏好使用 A/T 碱基,密码子偏好使用 A/U 结尾。(3)杜鹃属植物叶绿体全基因组中普遍存在基因丢失以及基因组重排等结构变异现象。该研究丰富了杜鹃属植物的基因组资源,为头花杜鹃、陇蜀杜鹃的资源开发、遗传进化、育种及系统发育相关研究提供了理论参考。

关键词: 头花杜鹃, 陇蜀杜鹃, 杜鹃属, 叶绿体基因组, 序列特征, 结构变异

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202204010

分类号:Q943

文章编号:1000-3142(2023)10-1907-14

基金项目:青海省中藏医药科研创新项目(J2020005); 2018年中医药公共卫生服务补助专项(财社〔2018〕43号)。

Comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomes of Rhododendron capitatum, R. przewalskii, and Rhododendron species

JIA Shouning¹, ZHANG Yingmin², ZHAO Guofu¹, CHEN Wenjuan¹, LI Guodong^3,4*

1. Qinghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xining 810000, China;2. First College for Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China;3. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650500, China;4. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China 1. Qinghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xining 810000, China; 2. First College for Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; 3. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650500, China; 4. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China

Abstract:

Rhododendron capitatum and R. przewalskii are ornamental flowers and medicinal plants. The chloroplast genomes of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii have been sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform to explore the genetic structure and evolution features. After assembly and annotation, comparative genomic analysis and phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplast genomes of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii were analyzed and compared with those of other Rhododendron species. The results were as follows:(1)The chloroplast genomes of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii exhibited a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single copy region(105 990, 109 191 bp), a small single copy region(2 617, 2 606 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions(45 825, 47 516 bp). And the two Rhododendron species chloroplast genomes were 200 257 bp and 206 829 bp in length, respectively.(2)In addition, the 263 SSRs were detected in the chloroplast genomes of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii, most of which had A/T base preference; the codons preferred ending in A/U.(3)The chloroplast genomes of Rhododendron species exhibit structural variation such as gene loss and genomic rearrangement. The study enriches the genomic resources of Rhododendron species and provides the theoretical reference for resource exploitation, genetic evolution, breeding, and phylogeny of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii.

Key words: Rhododendron capitatum, R. przewalskii, Rhododendron L., chloroplast genomes, sequence characteristics, structural variation